CHANDRAYAAN-3 and its Objectives
Heartfelt congratulations to the whole community of ISRO for the successful moon landing.This is just the start of our space exploration,and we wish to see many more achievements.
We are all so fascinated about moon since our childhood.We’ve grown up listening to the songs of moon sung by our grandmothers and mothers and now it’s time to explore it.Landing on the dark side of moon is not an easy task but our scientists successfully accomplished the task.From losing the signals from the vikram lander in 2019 when it was just 2.1 km above the surface of the moon to successfully landing on the south pole of the moon’s surface its a long journey with many sacrifices and commitments.
WHY MOON:
The Moon will provide scientists with new views of early Earth, how the Earth-Moon system and the solar system formed and evolved, and the role of asteroid impacts in influencing Earth's history — and possibly future! The Moon presents numerous exciting engineering challenges.
WHY WE’VE LANDED ON THE SOUTH POLE:
Former ISRO chief S.SOMNATH stated that
“We have gone closer to the South Pole which is 70 degrees almost. The South Pole has a specific advantage with respect to being less illuminated by the sun. There is a potential to have more scientific content,"
The other reason was that our first moon mission CHANDRAYAAN-1 discovered the molecules of water near the south pole so this might be the other reason for landing on the south pole of the moon.
First let me clarify one doubt many of us had in our mind that why does it take too much time to reach the moon where Apollo Saturn-V mission reached in four days of time. Well it consumes more propellant {fuel} to reach moon a straight way like Saturn-v.
We too can make excess propellant and can reach moon in a couple of days but that is not the objective of our Indian Space Research Organisation.Our main goal is to make the mission successful with lesser cost and wanted to bring out the best out of which we are left over with.Did you forget what Nambi Narayanan sir made in late 1970’s.He and his team built an engine for launch vehicles and not to depend on other countries for engine. They built an engine with the debris of the before missions and with the least funds provided.
What if i tell you that home science is involved in the designing of the trajectory of MANGALYAAN and CHANDRAYAAN MISSIONS, sounds funny isn’t it but that is true.
Let me explain ,I have seen my mom when she was preparing puri and suddenly she noticed that the gas was not sufficient for preparing more puri’s so as soon as she noticed it she turned off the gas stove when the required heat is attained by the oil. Though the stove was turned off she was able to prepare puri’s with the heat of that oil and when oil lost it’s heat she again turned it on and continued the process. This is not actually a big thing ,but what if I tell you that this activity was conducted by the former scientist Tara Shinde, who was the mission director of the MANGALYAAN mission ,in the meeting about the trajectory to mars and she explains the connection between this puri activity and mars mission.
She explains that, we do not require more propellant but rather we use it precisely. Firstly when the satellite is released from the launch vehicle it starts making an orbit around the earth once it reached the perigee the engine would be shut down until it again reaches the perigee so the satellite will orbit around earth just like the puri was made when the stove was off. When the satellite again reaches the perigee we are going to turn on the engine will boost the satellite with the conserved propellant so it covers much larger distance than earlier orbit and will again turn it off. This process continues for a couple of times and at last we will would use the max power and boost the satellite so that it escapes from the earth’s gravitational pull and travels towards our destination.
So this is how the trajectory for the mars mission was made and same technique is used in the CHANDRAAYAN mission too.
MANGALYAAAN
CHANDRAYAAN
OBJECTIVES OF CHANDRAYAAN-3:-
- To demonstrate Safe and Soft Landing on Lunar Surface
- To demonstrate Rover roving on the moon and
- To conduct scientific experiments.
SOFT-LANDING:-
Chandrayaan-3 satellite does not contain orbiter because the orbiter of chandrayaan-2 is still working and revolving around moon so this mission did not contain orbiter.Only the Vikram lander and pragyan rover are sent.Once the lander gains velocity and enters into the moons gravitational pull,from then onwards the lander orbits the moon and gradually the altitude will be decreased at the time of landing.It gradually slows down and end up coming closer to moon in a parabolic path and finally with the help of side thrusters.This is the primary objective of this mission.
ROVING OF THE PRAGYAN ROVER:-
After the accomplishment of the softlanding few hours later a small rover named PRAGYAN is going to come out of the lander and starts moving on the moon.The rover explore the cratered surface, harnessed integrated cameras to send back videos of its environment and performs some chemical analysis and sends the information.The rover moves with the speed of 1cm/sec.
So these are the objectives of CHANDRAYAAN-3 mission
.
All the best ISRO community for your future missions.
Author:-Surya Praneeth.A
Grade:- 12
Adidam Surya Praneeth
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